William d



W D HOOKER VALVE FOR STEAM ENGINES.

Patented Aug. 4, 1868.

mi ,mm germ first;

Letters Patent No. 80,738, dated August 4, 1868.

MPROVBMENT Ill VALVES FOR STEAM-ENGINES.

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roam WHOM IT MAY CONCERN;

Belt known that I, WiLLIAM D. HOQKER, of San Francisco, in the c'ounty of San Francisco, and State of California, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Valves and Steam-Passages for Steam-Engines; and (lo hereby deelare that the following is a fun, clear, and exact description of the construction and opera= 'tion of the satuefleference being hadto the annexed drawings, making a pare-20f this specification, in which-- Figure 1 is a vcrtical section ofa steam-engine cylinder and valve chamher, showing my improvement in valves and steam-passages. y y,.fig. 2, shows the plane of section.

Figure-2 is also a vertical sectionof the same, a: x, fig, 1, shows theplane of section.v

Figure 3-isa perspective View of the engine-cylinder where the valve chamber connects with the samepsaid figureshowing the arrangement of theisteampassages connecting the engine-cylinder with the yalve-chaniher.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the three figures.

The nature of my invention co;nsists' o First, in the means for sperating the valves of steam-engines by both the supply and exhaust-steam direct mm the engine-cylinaer, without'the aifi' of any external devices usually used. for such purposes.

Second, in thtarrangement-of a cylindrical slide-valve, in such a manner that it' shall be operated by both the supply and exhaust-steam. i p

Third,-in the'arrangemcnt ofthe steam-passages connecting the engine-cylinder with the valve-chamber.

Fourth, in the' arrangement of the valve-chamber, and portsthrough the same, in such a manner, with relation to the valve, that thc'steam shall be'allowed to escape freely before the valvehas arrived at theend of its stroke, and also allowing the valve to cushion on the air or steam pent up at the end of the valvesehamber, thereby preventing the valvs'from; striking the ends of thevalve-chamber, and requiring but slight resistance tb stop'its ilightiaslit is shot overhy the supply and exhaust-steam.

Fifth, in the arrangement of recesses in thc eng'ine-piston, whic'hare kept atthe bottom'of the enginecylinder, and opposite of the small ports, by anysuitable connection made to the piston-rod outside of the engine-cylinder. The steam ishdlni-tted'to thcserecesses, and-raises the piston, thereby making esteem-tight joint between the piston andsmall ports, andalso preventing the bottom of the cylinder from wearing,

'Si ith, the cornbination (if the valve-stem with-the valve, in such a manner as to prevent the valve from turning around in the valvechambe1', thei'eby keeping the portsin the valve over the ports in the valve-chamber. Thetalve-stemprojects through th 'enl offth'e valve-chamherr The object of this is to determine thejtru'e action of the Valve, and also to'move the valve by hand when'requircrl.

Seventh, in the packing-ringgsaid"rings being held in contact with the periphery of the'valve-ehaniher-by" springs insertedi'be'twcen the rings and valve, the'ohject of this arrangement being; not only to force the-rings outward, and prevent the supply-steam 'i'roml escaping between the valve and valve-chamber, butalse :by'th'c downward pressure exerted on the valveby'the springs, together filth the pressure brought to hear elirthegv alve by the steam being admitted to the recesses formed in the valve, to insure a steam-tight joint where the-valve movers the porter-in the valve-chamber. f

To enable others skilled in the art to understand and construct my improvements, I will now proceeih a descrihe them;

(t represents the enginc cylinder; b, the piston; q,,tlic valve-chamber; d d, the cylindrical slide-valve; ee, ports leading through said valve; f,-t'he supply-pormLg g, the ports leading from valve-chamber c te the cylinder am]; h are small ports leading fromithe cylinder a to the ports i i in valve-chamber c, said portefij'h fieacling around the ports 9 g to theportez'i', as shown, (see fig. 3.) jj are the exhaust-ports; k k, the packi'n'g rings inserted in the valve dd" ll are springs placed between the said rings and valve d d; m, the valvestem; n, thehamlle to move the same by hand 0 0 are recesses formed in piston b; p, the pistonrod; q q are small vent-holes leading from cylinder at to ports g r r are small stop-cocks; e a are small'fperte lea-- ing to stop-cocks r r; t, the rod-that connects thestop cocks r r; u u, the recesses in the valve 11 8 sonar I willnow proceed to 'descrihe theoperationoi my improved valve and steam-passages for steam-engines. Steain being admitted at the supply-portf, it fills the valve-chamber and balances the valve d at?) hut in proportion as the said valve is exposed to the downward pressure of the steam admitted to the recesses u u,

and the pressure of the springs Z Z, so will the pressure he to keep the said valve steam-tight over and around.

the ports in thevalve-chamber c. The springs ll are curved, to conform to the recesses formed in the valve. d d", and are inserted between the said valve and the packing-rings ll: 70, saidsprings being made the. proper curve to bring the required pressure on the rings. The steam now passes through port 9, in the direction indieated by the arrows, and into the cylinder '11, and forces the piston b to the position shown;(see fig. The pistons opens the small port It, the supply-steam rushes up said port It, and around portgihnd throug hport and port e, and forces the valve (1 03 over until the exhaust-port j is reached, when the supply-steam'i s cut- 'ofi from theengine-cylinder a, and the exhaust-steam rushes through port g and port e, finishing the stroke of the valve d 01'. At or near the point that the supply steamis out ofi' from the cylinder at, by the valve d covering the port g, the port g opens, admitting steam to the-opposite end of the engine-cylinder a, when the piston b is forced back by the supply-steam until it opens the small porth, when the supply-steam rushes up said small port 72, and around ,port as indicated by arrows, (see .fig- 3,) and thro gh port .efand reverses the valve d at, exhausting and admitting steam, as before described, thus keeping 1130a continuous motion of the'piston b.

' v The position of the ports 9 g, andjj, can, ofcourse, be varied, so as to give the requiredlead to'the supply andexhaust-steam, so that the greatest eii'ect may be obtainedin proportion to the amount of steam used.

The small stop-cooker r are inserted in the ends of the valve-chamber a, and are conneetedtogether the rod 13,. said rod passing through the exhaust-passage, the object being, that while one is shut by the steam; the other shall be held open hy the rod '6, so as to allow a sufiicient quantity of air to escape by the open stopcock, and allow the exhaust-port to open suificiently to let-the exhaust-steam go free.

The ports g g conneetwith the engine-eylinder a at some little distance from the ends of said cylinder a. This arrangement is for the purpose of cushioning the piston 15 on the compressed air or steam pent up between the piston b and the cylinder-heads, after the said piston b-has passed the ports 9 g I The valve-chamber 0 is secured to the engine-cylinders by bolts or screws, tie shown, (see fig. 2.)

The valve-stem m is connected to thevalve old and passes through th'evalve-ehamher. cover, and is pro.-

vided with a suitable stufiing-box, to prevent the steam fromescaping. At the endof said valve-stem is fastened the handle n. The valve-stem m is attached to the valve old at some little distance from the centre, and near the periphery of thesaid valve, the object being to preve'nt'the valve froni-turningsaround in thevdl ve-chamber a, and to'operete the valve by hand, when required' and also to determine-the. true action'of the valve from the exterior of the valve-chamber e.

There are no dead-points or centres that the piston b will stick-on, but as either one or the, other of the ports g g is always open, the piston Zf'will always ,start whenstearn isadmitted no the valve-chamber o; consequently the piston bean be driven fast or slow, as may he required.

The engine-can'bc driven by compressed air, as well as by steam, when so desired, and can he applied to driving steam-pumps, rock-drilling machines, steam-hammers, and any machinery where a'direot action" is required.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, rs--- 1 The recesses o 0 in the piston- 6, arranged with reference to the ports h k, substantially-as herein set forth and shown.

;2. The arrengemenawith relation to the cylinder a, valve-chamber e, and the additional puppet-valve chamber of the valve (1 d, with its recesses 26 u, supply-port f,- ports g g", h h' z' 2",? e, rents-q exhaust-ports jj, ports 8 s, and puppet-valves r r, substantially as herein described and shown.

WZLLIAM D. HOOKER.

Witnesses:

Saran. S. Munrnn, Geo. T. Vmonivn 

